Industry 4: advancing data in exploration as a new production factor

　　The discussion of "industrial 4" has been disturbed, and even if a variety of unfamiliar concepts are still being enthusiastically pursued by all parties, it seems that the industrial revolution can be reasonable as long as the investment is increased. In the face of the pressure of economic slowdown, the vision of the fourth industrial revolution dominated by intelligent manufacturing seems to make some people forget about the current difficulties for the time being.
　　"Industrial intelligence is indeed the development direction recognized by the world's major countries, but in addition to speculation, people need to understand that industrial production upgrading is a gradual process, not overnight, and can not achieve the same jump like development in some areas of the Internet. To accomplish this transformation, we need more patience to explore and work hard. Huang Yanghua, an Associate Research Fellow of the Institute of industrial economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, told an economic news reporter twenty-first Century during an exclusive interview.
　　Germany put forward the plan of "industrial 4" only a few years ago, whether it is the enterprise or the government is still in the state of exploring and advancing. Even if it represents the highest level of industrialization in the world, it is expected that the design goal of "industrial 4" will not be realized until 2030. "And the level of China's industrialization is not homogeneous, many domestic enterprises are shouting 'industrial 4', but in fact they do not have such conditions, even the 3 level of information has not been done, let alone intelligent." He said.
　　Earlier, a report released by the Chinese modernization research center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences said "China's industry is lagging behind Germany for 100 years". But in some German media, this is probably a deliberate underestimation. The report, citing research data, says China's sensors, enterprise software and the robot market almost doubled in the past five years, but the strong momentum will continue over the next five years as more and more robots are used in electronics, textile and food industries.
　　Huang pointed out that although robots are one of the key intelligent equipment developed in developed countries, we should see the rapid growth of industrial robots in our country. There are still most of the first generation industrial robots instead of simple duplication of labor, and the core components are heavily dependent on imports, and the intelligentized phase of the "industry 4" needs to go. Very far.
　　On the other hand, unilateral attention to the development of hardware and ignoring the intellectualization of software is a more common misunderstanding, he added.
　　"Taking data as a new type of production factor" is the soul of Huang's "industry 4". Using the technology of Internet of things to connect the equipment, parts, raw materials and products of industrial production, which is the key to realize the intelligent optimization of the manufacturing system, including data collection, interactive analysis and intelligent decision making.
　　The rise in the world's influence on the new economic field, represented by the Internet industry, is obvious to all, but one of the prominent problems is that the industrial advantage of the Internet is not well combined with the industrial economy. In the course of the research, he says, some small and medium manufacturing entrepreneurs have shown a strong interest and demand for smart devices. "But they ask, how are these technologies going to be used in my factory?"
　　Even though Germany puts forward "industrial 4", it hopes to drive the domestic small and medium-sized enterprises to keep up with the rapid development of the world, but in fact, in the practice of "industrial 4" in Germany, it is still based on large enterprises and large organizations such as SIEMENS. Huang said that, on the one hand, large enterprises have strong managerial and organizational capabilities in response to major changes, and they can afford to fail, and the other important reason is the lack of standards.
　　"Historically," he explained, "the major promoters of industrial upgrading are large enterprises, and a great deal of research and development in the second industrial revolution is done within large enterprises, and that is the case in Germany."
　　On the other hand, standardization is a very important step in promoting the participation of small enterprises and the reform of the whole society. The government has an important coordination function in it, which is also one of the key elements of Sino German cooperation, "Huang added. "The government of Germany, China and the United States have devoted much effort to standard work, because it requires not only the unity within a country, but also the unified cooperation between countries on the standardization of information and data interfaces."
　　He explained that there are generally two routes to the development of world standards. Like the United States, the industry standard is set up from the bottom up to market competition. Or similar to China's situation, from top to bottom, by industry associations, government agencies and other standards.
　　In the cooperation of "industrial 4", because the Chinese and German in the past to the standard set way and the same, but also face a lot of localization problems, now all aspects are still in the preliminary exploration stage, and have not yet found the best practice in the exploration, or form a consensus.